Skills to be acquired include: Introduction of catheters to diagnose various types of heart disease, valvular and myocardial heart disease; Performance of coronary and peripheral arterial interventions, including stenting, balloon angioplasty, rotational atherectomy, thrombectomy, and distal protection; Physiologic assessment of arterial lesion severity using fractional flow reserve measurements and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS); Intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP).