A complex family planning subspecialist is an obstetrician/gynecologist who provides consultation services and comprehensive care for women with complex reproductive health needs. The complex family planning subspecialist has advanced knowledge in the areas of preventive, diagnostic, and therapeutic procedures necessary for optimal reproductive health, clinical contraception, and pregnancy termination, as well as the management of complications and reduction of maternal mortality. Subspecialists in complex family planning receive referrals from obstetrician/gynecologists, other physicians, and advanced practice clinicians. The subspecialist in complex family planning also has advanced knowledge and skills in public health, health policy, and advocacy, and expertise in the application of basic, translational, and clinical research in order to provide leadership to advance the field.